Traduction de «changement indirect dans » (Français → Anglais) :

indirect land use change | ILUC [Abbr.]

Definition: The wearing of clothes of the opposite sex for part of the individual's existence in order to enjoy the temporary experience of membership of the opposite sex, but without any desire for a more permanent sex change or associated surgical reassignment, and without sexual excitement accompanying the cross-dressing. | Gender identity disorder of adolescence or adulthood, nontranssexual type

reduction of gas emissions [ climate change mitigation | gas emission reduction | mitigation measure | mitigation of climate change | mitigation policy | Emission control(STW) ]

overhead variances [ total overhead variance | overhead total variance ]

reverse | reversing drive | reversing mechanism

anthropogenic climate change [ man-made climate change | human-induced climate change | human-made climate change | man-induced climate change ]

Definition: A transient disorder that develops in an individual without any other apparent mental disorder in response to exceptional physical and mental stress and that usually subsides within hours or days. Individual vulnerability and coping capacity play a role in the occurrence and severity of acute stress reactions. The symptoms show a typically mixed and changing picture and include an initial state of daze with some constriction of the field of consciousness and narrowing of attention, inability to comprehend stimuli, and diso ...[+++]rientation. This state may be followed either by further withdrawal from the surrounding situation (to the extent of a dissociative stupor - F44.2), or by agitation and over-activity (flight reaction or fugue). Autonomic signs of panic anxiety (tachycardia, sweating, flushing) are commonly present. The symptoms usually appear within minutes of the impact of the stressful stimulus or event, and disappear within two to three days (often within hours). Partial or complete amnesia (F44.0) for the episode may be present. If the symptoms persist, a change in diagnosis should be considered. | Acute:crisis reaction | reaction to stress | Combat fatigue Crisis state Psychic shock

Definition: This category differs from others in that it includes disorders identifiable on the basis of not only symptoms and course but also the existence of one or other of two causative influences: an exceptionally stressful life event producing an acute stress reaction, or a significant life change leading to continued unpleasant circumstances that result in an adjustment disorder. Although less severe psychosocial stress ( life events ) may precipitate the onset or contribute to the presentation of a very wide range of disorders classified elsewhere in this chapter, its etiological importance is not always clear and in each case wi ...[+++]ll be found to depend on individual, often idiosyncratic, vulnerability, i.e. the life events are neither necessary nor sufficient to explain the occurrence and form of the disorder. In contrast, the disorders brought together here are thought to arise always as a direct consequence of acute severe stress or continued trauma. The stressful events or the continuing unpleasant circumstances are the primary and overriding causal factor and the disorder would not have occurred without their impact. The disorders in this section can thus be regarded as maladaptive responses to severe or continued stress, in that they interfere with successful coping mechanisms and therefore lead to problems of social functioning.

The Commission should therefore report to the European Parliament and to the Council reviewing, based on the best available scientific evidence, the effectiveness of the measures introduced by this Directive in limiting indirect land-use change greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production of biofuel and bioliquids as well as on possibilities for introducing adjusted estimated indirect land-use change emissions factors into the appropriate sustainability criteria.

To the extent that the resulting indirect land‑use change mitigation effect at national or project level can be quantified, measures introduced by this Directive could reflect such productivity improvements both in terms of reduced estimated indirect land‑use change emission values and the contribution of food and feed crop‑based biofuels towards the share of energy from renewable sources in transport to be achieved in 2020.

(5) Based on forecasts of biofuel demand provided by the Member States and estimates of indirect land‑use change emissions for different biofuel feedstocks, it is likely that greenhouse gas emissions linked to indirect land‑use change are significant, and could negate some or all of the greenhouse gas emission savings of individual biofuels.

4. In reporting on greenhouse gas emission savings from the use of biofuels and bioliquids, the Commission shall use the amounts reported by Member States in accordance with point (o) of Article 22(1), including the provisional mean values of the estimated indirect land‑use change emissions and the associated range derived from the sensitivity analysis referred to in Annex VIII. The Commission shall make data on mean provisional estimated indirect land‑use ...[+++]change emissions and the associated range derived from the sensitivity analysis publicly available.