Traduction de «cumul d'avantages » (Français → Anglais) :

The classification of a measure as State aid presupposes that the following cumulative conditions are satisfied, i.e.: 1) the measure in question confers an advantage, 2) this advantage is granted through State resources, 3) this advantage is selective and 4) the measure in question distorts or threatens to distort competition and is liable to affect trade between Member States (32).

(Return tabled) Question No. 50 Mr. Charlie Angus: With regard to Canadian private television broadcasters: (a) what is the current estimated financial value of the benefits that Canadian private broadcasters derive from the laws and regulations of the government, including, but not limited to, simultaneous substitution, tax write-off exclusions for Canadian companies advertisements on U.S. broadcasters, and protection from foreign competition; (b) what is the estimated financial value of these benefits for each private broadcaster; (c) what are the cumulative and individual statistics of their Canadian programming that are more recent ...[+++] than fall 2006 from the Bureau of Broadcast Measurement’s (BBM) television diary or more recent than 2006 from the BBM’s meter survey; (d) what are the most recent cumulative and individual statistics on the percentage of Canadian programming shown during primetime; (e) what are the most recent cumulative and individual statistics on the breakdown of the type of Canadian programming that is being shown during and outside of primetime; and (f) what is the government’s plan for promoting Canadian programming in the future and what specific initiatives are being planned to guarantee a healthy future for Canadian programming on private broadcasters?

The classification of a national measure as State aid as provided for in Article 87(1) EC requires the following cumulative conditions to be fulfilled, namely: (1) the measure in question confers a selective economic advantage; (2) that advantage is financed via State resources; (3) that advantage distorts or threatens to distort competition and, finally, (4) that advantage has an effect on trade between Member States (114).

Below the Commission analyses each of the four cumulative criteria which comprise the definition of State aid within the meaning of Article 87(1) of the EC Treaty: the involvement of state resources, the existence of an economic advantage, the selectivity of the advantage, and the impact on trade.

In addition, carriers participate in conferences and consortia on the same trade, exchanging commercially sensitive information and cumulating the benefits of the conference (price fixing and capacity regulation) and of the consortia (operational cooperation for the provision of a joint service) block exemptions.

Three examples: - Firstly, there is increasing evidence that the trend rate of technological innovation in the economy depends upon whether or not there is competition; only an integrated market of European dimensions can offer the benefits both of scale of operation and of competition. - Secondly, there is evidence in fast-growing high technology industries of dynamic or learning economies of scale, whereby costs decline as the total accumulated production of certain goods and services increase; market segmentation gravely limits the scope for these benefits and damages performance in key high- growth industries. - Thirdly, the busine ...[+++]ss strategies of European enterprises are bound to change: indeed, there is evidence of this already happening.