Traduction de «réseau électrique de secours » (Français → Anglais) :

7. Emphasises the urgent need for new, modernised, smart and flexible energy infrastructure at all network levels, especially smart grids, to allow for more flexible back-up and balancing power capacity, including individual microgeneration and storage systems, new electricity uses (such as electric vehicles) and demand-response programmes; stresses the need to ensure greater cooperation on the part of transmission system operators and the determined, transparent, coordinated and timely involvement of all stakeholders in the extension and modernisation of the energy infrastructure; welcomes ...[+++] the strong emphasis placed on smart energy projects of common interest in the Connecting Europe Facility, while regretting that only two smart grid projects were included in the current two-year list; stresses that smart grid projects at distribution system level must be taken into account; emphasises that infrastructure projects must fulfil sustainability and competitiveness criteria and be underpinned by an integrated approach, which shall be ensured by involving distribution system operators; also underlines the importance of developing North-South energy connections in the Mediterranean;

27. Notes that, in order to guarantee supply security, the development of RES with variable feed-in will necessitate a flexible balancing of fluctuations and a flexible back-up through an integrated and interconnected European electricity grid that allows cross-border trading, demand response systems, energy storage and flexible power plants; calls on the Commission to assess whether there is a capacity issue in the EU and to determine the amount of firm capacity that can be provided by variable RES in an integrated EU power system, as well as its potential impact on generation adequacy; agrees with Commission’s analysis that the devel ...[+++]opment of reserve capacity mechanisms entails substantial costs and may distort price signals; notes that there is an increasing need for a stable policy framework to provide economic guarantees concerning the availability of these reserves as well as for system and balancing services; rejects the concept of competition for subsidies between energy sources and calls for an energy market design tailored to the Union’s long-term energy and climate policy objectives, which makes it possible to integrate RES technologies into the internal energy market, but acknowledges that state aid has historically been necessary in the development of all energy sources;

Pumps 1, 4, 5, and 8 were designed to have two independent power supplies, a regular alternating current supply from the power grid that we light our houses and refrigerators with as well as a backup power supply that includes a diesel generator and banks of batteries to keep the pumps operating in case of a loss of alternating current supply.

Therefore, the interconnection of Europe’s electricity network should get back to its primary purpose, which is to serve as a reciprocal backup resource at the borders and to allow energy swaps, but merely in the background.

"back-up electricity" shall mean the electricity supplied through the electricity grid whenever the cogeneration process is disrupted, including maintenance periods, or out of order;

"back-up electricity" shall mean the electricity that has to be supplied through the electricity grid whenever the cogeneration process is disrupted or out of order;